While
mentioning the name of Allah:
Al-Muhajir ibn Qunfudh related that he greeted the Prophet,
upon whom be peace, but that the latter did not return his
salutation until he had made ablution: "There is nothing
that prevented me from responding to you except that I do
no like to mention the name of Allah unless I am in a state
of purity." Said Qatadah, "Because of this, al-Hassan hated
to recite the Qur'an or mention Allah's name unless he had
performed ablution. (Related by Amad, Abu Dawud, an-Nasa'i
and Ibn Majah.) Raeported Abu Juhaim ibn al-Harith, "The
Prophet, upon whom be peace, met a person at the well of
Jaml, who greeted him, but he did not return his greeting
until he had wiped his face and hands." (Related by Ahmad,
al-Bukhari, Muslim, Abu Dawud and an-Nasa'i.)
This
action was one of preference, not of obligation. Mentioning
the name of Allah is permissible for the one who is in a
state of purity, one who has a minor impurity, a person
in post-sex impurity, or one who is standing, sitting, and
so on. Said 'Aishah, "The Messenger of Allah used to remember
Allah at all times." (Related by "the five," except for
an-Nasa'i.) Al-Bukhari recorded it in mu'alliq form.) Reported
'Ali, "The Messenger of Allah would come from relieving
himself, recite to us and eat meat with us. Nothing would
stop him from the Qur'an except post-sex impurity." (Related
by "the five." At-Tirmidhi and Ibn as-Sakin categorized
it as sahih.)
Going
to sleep:
Al-Barra' ibn 'Aazib reported that the Messenger of Allah,
upon whom be peace, said, "When you go to your bed, perform
ablution, lie on your right side and then say, 'O Allah,
I submit my soul to You, and I turn my face to You. I entrust
my affairs to You. I retreat unto You for protection with
hope and fear in You. There is no resort and no savior but
You. I affirm my faith in Your books which You revealed
and in Your prophets you sent.' If you die during that night,
you will be along the natural path. Make it your final statement
(of the night). He reported that he repeated this supplication
to the Prophet, upon whom be peace, and he said, "...and
Your messengers." The Prophet interjected, "No,...'and the
prophets You sent." (Related by Ahmad, al-Bukhari, and at-Tirmidhi.)
This also applies to one who is in post-sex impurity . Ibn
'Umar asked the Prophet, "O Messenger of Allah, can one
of us sleep while he is in post-sex impurity?" The Prophet
answered, "Yes, if he makes ablution." Reported 'Aishah,
"When the Prophet, upon whom be peace, wanted to sleep in
a state of post-sex impurity, he would wash his private
parts and perform ablution." (Related by "the group.")
To
remove a sexual impurity:
If a person in a state of post-sex impurity wants to eat,
drink or have intercourse again, he should perform ablution.
Said
'Aishah, "When the Prophet, upon whom be peace, was in a
state of impurity because of intercourse and wanted to eat
or sleep, he would perform ablution." 'Ammar ibn Yasar reported
that the Prophet permitted a person in post-sex impurity
to eat, drink or sleep if he performed ablution first. (Related
by Ahmad and at-Tirmidhi, who classified it as sahih.)
Abu
Sa'eed reported that the Prophet, upon whom be peace, said,
"If one has intercourse with his wife and wants to repeat
the act, he should perform ablution." (Related by "the group,"
except for al-Bukhari. Ibn Khuzaimah, Ibn Hibban and al-Hakim
recorded it with the addition, "It makes the return more
vivacious.")
Before
performing ghusl:
It is preferred to perform ablution before ghusl regardless
of whether that particular ghusl was an obligatory or a
preferred act. Said 'Aishah, "When the Messenger of Allah,
upon whom be peace, performed post-sex ghusl, he would begin
by washing his hands and then pour water from his right
hand to his left and wash his private parts. He would then
perform ablution.." (Related by "the group.")
Before
eating food touched by fire:
Said Ibrahim ibn 'Abdullah ibn Qaridh, "I passed by Abu
Hurairah while he was performing ablution and he said, 'Do
you know why I am making ablution? It is because I ate some
yoghurt dried over a fire, for I heard the Messenger of
Allah say, 'Perform ablution before eating food touched
by fire." (Related by Ahmad, Muslim and "the four.")
'Aishah
related that the Prophet, upon whom be peace, said, "Perform
ablution from whatever touches fire." (Related by Ahmad,
Muslim, an-Nasa'i and Ibn Majah.) This order is one of preference
as the following hadith makes clear: 'Amr ibn Umayyah adhDhamari
said, "I saw the Messenger of Allah, upon whom be peace,
cutting a piece of a sheep's shoulder and eating it. He
was then called to prayer. He put the knife down, prayed,
and did not perform another ablution." (Related by al-Bukhari
and Muslim.)
Renewing
the ablution for every prayer:
Said Buraidah, "The Prophet, upon whom be peace, made ablution
for every prayer. On the day of the conquest of Makkah,
he made ablution, wiped over his socks and prayed a number
of times with just one ablution. 'Umar said to him, 'O Messenger
of Allah, you did something that you have not done (before).'
He answered, 'I did it on purpose, 'Umar."' (Related by
Ahmad, Muslim and others.) Said Anas ibn Malik, "The Prophet,
upon whom be peace, used to make ablution for every prayer."
He was asked, "And what did you people use to do?" Malik
said, "We prayed the prayers with one ablution unless we
nullified it." (Related by Ahmad and al-Bukhari . )
Abu
Hurairah reported that the Prophet said, "Were it not to
be a hardship on my people, I would order them to make ablution
for every prayer." (Related by Ahmad with a hassan chain.)
Ibn 'Umar reported that the Prophet, upon whom be peace,
said, "Whoever makes ablution while he is already in a state
of purity will have ten good deeds written for him."~ø
(Related by Abu Dawud, at-Tirmidhi, and Ibn Majah.)
